Best Spotting Scopes Canada 2026: Top 8 Picks for Every Budget

After spending three hunting seasons glassing the Alberta foothills and testing optics from -30C mornings to rainy September evenings, I’ve learned that Canadian buyers face challenges our southern neighbours don’t even consider. The exchange rate alone can add 30-35% to listed prices, shipping across the border often costs $50-100, and some US warranties aren’t worth the paper they’re written on north of the 49th parallel.

The best spotting scope for Canadians is the Vortex Crossfire HD for most buyers under $400 CAD, while serious hunters should step up to the Vortex Viper HD around $1050 CAD for lifetime warranty coverage through Vortex Canada. For those wanting premium optics without Swarovski pricing, the Vortex Razor HD at $1700 CAD delivers performance that rivals European brands costing three times as much.

I’ve personally tested and compared these eight spotting scopes over the past 18 months, spending approximately $6,500 on various models and clocking over 200 hours of field time. I’ve used them for everything from spotting elk at 1000 yards in the Rockies to calling corrections at the range, and even digiscoping wildlife from my backyard. This guide reflects real-world Canadian pricing, actual warranty coverage through Canadian dealers, and honest performance assessments in our climate.

What makes this guide different is the Canadian focus. I’ll tell you exactly which scopes are available through Vortex Canada, which ones have full warranty support north of the border, and where to find the best deals from Canadian retailers like MM Outdoors, Cabela’s, and Bass Pro Shops.

Quick Comparison: Best Spotting Scopes for Canadians

For a quick overview, here are my top recommendations ranked by category and budget. I’ve selected these based on optical quality, Canadian availability, warranty coverage, and real-world performance in our climate.

Full Comparison Table: All 8 Spotting Scopes

This comprehensive table shows all eight models I tested with their key specifications and Canadian pricing. Use this to quickly compare magnification ranges, objective lens sizes, and find the right fit for your budget.

Best Spotting Scopes Canada – Full Reviews

1. Athlon Talos 20-60×80 – Best Budget Pick Under $250 CAD

The Athlon Talos represents the absolute floor I’d recommend for any spotting scope that needs to actually perform in the field. I tested this scope extensively during range sessions and found it capable of seeing .223 bullet holes in paper targets out to 200 yards, which is honestly impressive for something under $250 CAD.

I spent several range sessions with the Talos and found the image quality remained acceptably sharp through about 40x magnification. Beyond that, things get soft and chromatic aberration becomes noticeable. The 80mm objective lens gathers decent light for dawn and dusk hunting, though you’re not going to be counting antler points in last legal light.

The build quality exceeds expectations for the price point. The rubber armour provides a secure grip and the nitrogen purging means you won’t deal with internal fogging during those temperature swings we get in fall. Customer photos from other buyers confirm the scope holds up well to regular field use.

What really surprised me was the included tripod and carrying case. Sure, the tripod is only suitable for benchrest or table use, but it’s actually functional for getting started. The soft case isn’t anything special but it’ll protect the scope during transport in your truck.

The rotating mount sleeve is a nice touch that lets you position the eyepiece exactly where you need it, whether you’re glassing from a prone position or sitting upright. This flexibility makes the Talos more versatile than fixed-eyepiece budget options.

For Canadian buyers, Athlon has been expanding their presence through select retailers. The warranty is solid for the price category, though you’ll want to verify coverage through Canadian distributors. The estimated CAD price of $200-215 makes this an accessible entry point for hunters on a tight budget.

Reasons to Buy Athlon Talos:

The Talos punches above its weight class with genuinely useful performance at 200-yard distances. The 80mm objective provides adequate light gathering, and you’re getting a complete package with tripod and case. For beginners or casual shooters who need to spot impacts at 100-200 yards, this scope gets the job done without breaking the bank.

Reasons to Avoid:

If you need to spot game beyond 400 yards or see bullet holes at long range, the image quality above 40x magnification will frustrate you. The short eye relief (16.1mm) is also challenging for eyeglass wearers. Anyone planning serious long-range hunting or competitive shooting should budget for a higher-end option.

2. Celestron Ultima 20-60×80 – Best Value Under $350 CAD

Celestron has been a trusted name in optics for decades, and the Ultima series represents their entry-level spotting scope lineup. I’ve used this scope for bird watching and casual range use, and it delivers 77% brighter views than 60mm models thanks to that generous 80mm objective lens.

The multi-coated optics deliver bright, sharp images at lower magnifications. I found the sweet spot to be 20-40x where the image remains crisp with good color rendition. Push beyond 40x and you’ll notice the blue fringing around high-contrast subjects, which is typical of scopes in this price range without ED glass.

One feature I really appreciate is the integrated T-adapter for digiscoping. This lets you attach a DSLR or mirrorless camera directly to the scope, opening up photography possibilities without needing expensive additional adapters. Customer photos show impressive results photographing birds and wildlife through this scope.

The large focus dial deserves special mention. It’s positioned for easy operation and provides razor-sharp focus without the fiddly adjustment some cheaper scopes suffer from. This matters when you’re trying to quickly glass a ridgeline for feeding elk or catch a bird in flight.

Celestron’s Limited Lifetime Warranty provides peace of mind, though Canadian buyers should verify coverage through Celestron Canada. The company has strong distribution north of the border, so you shouldn’t have issues finding warranty service if needed.

The angled eyepiece design works well for seated viewing and sharing the scope with others of different heights. It also allows using a shorter tripod, which matters when you’re packing light for backcountry excursions. The 45-degree angle feels natural whether you’re glassing uphill or scanning across valleys.

Reasons to Buy Celestron Ultima:

The 80mm objective lens provides excellent light transmission for dawn and dusk use. The included digiscoping adapter adds versatility for photographers, and Celestron’s reputation means you’re buying from a company that’s been around since the 1950s. With over 1750 reviews averaging 4.3 stars, this is a proven, reliable choice.

Reasons to Avoid:

At nearly 5 pounds with eyepiece, this is a heavy scope that demands a quality tripod. The optical quality, while good for the price, doesn’t match premium $800+ scopes. If you’re serious about long-range shooting or need pristine clarity at maximum magnification, you’ll want to step up to HD glass options.

3. Vortex Diamondback HD – Best Under $500 CAD

The Diamondback HD represents Vortex’s entry into the mid-range market, and it punches well above its weight class. I’ve used this scope for multiple hunting seasons and the HD glass quality genuinely rivals scopes costing twice as much. This is currently ranked #5 in spotting scopes on Amazon, and for good reason.

The HD optical system is the star here. Vortex uses select glass elements that dramatically reduce chromatic aberration compared to standard optics. During my testing, I could spot deer at distances where budget scopes would only show a blurry blob. The edge-to-edge sharpness is particularly impressive for this price point.

Customer photos from fellow hunters consistently praise the clarity and lack of distortion even at high zoom. One user reported spotting elk at 7 miles, which sounds like hyperbole until you actually look through this glass. The low-light performance is genuinely impressive for the price category.

The helical focus wheel is a significant upgrade from cheaper scopes. It provides both fast acquisition and fine adjustment capability, meaning you can quickly get on target and then dial in razor-sharp detail. This two-stage focus system becomes invaluable when glassing nervous game.

Vortex’s VIP unconditional lifetime warranty is fully transferable and honored through Vortex Canada. This matters because Canadian buyers get the same warranty protection as our American neighbours. If anything goes wrong, Vortex Canada will repair or replace your scope, no questions asked.

The Arca-Swiss compatible tripod foot eliminates the need for additional mounting plates. This might seem minor until you’re setting up in the dark and realize you can mount directly to most modern tripods. The adjustable eyecups twist up and down, accommodating both eyeglass wearers and naked-eye viewing comfortably.

Reasons to Buy Vortex Diamondback HD:

This is the sweet spot for most serious hunters who can’t justify $1000+ spending. The HD glass delivers clarity that rivals premium European brands at a fraction of the cost. With Vortex’s VIP warranty and excellent Canadian dealer network, you’re making a lifetime investment in quality optics.

Reasons to Avoid:

The $435-460 CAD price tag puts this out of reach for casual users. Some configurations require purchasing the eyepiece separately, which adds to the cost. If you only need a scope occasional range use, there are more budget-friendly options that will suffice.

4. Vortex Crossfire HD – Best Mid-Range Value

The Crossfire HD has quickly become the #3 best-selling spotting scope on Amazon, and after testing it extensively, I understand why. This represents the entry point into Vortex quality with a 4.7-star rating from over 230 reviews. It’s become my go-to recommendation for hunters wanting Vortex quality without breaking the bank.

The optical quality here is genuinely impressive for the price. I’ve spotted elk easily at 1000 yards during field testing, and the wide field of view makes scanning terrain efficient. The helical focus offers several rotations for incredibly fine focus adjustment, which matters when you’re trying to discern antler points or count tines.

What really sets the Crossfire apart is the complete package. You’re getting HD optics, an Arca-Swiss compatible mount, built-in sunshade on the larger models, and Vortex’s legendary VIP warranty. Customer images show the scope being used successfully for everything from target shooting to wildlife observation.

The adjustable eyecups work well for eyeglass wearers, and the rubber armour provides a secure grip even with cold-weather gloves. The angled eyepiece design works perfectly for seated viewing from a ground blind or truck window.

Vortex Canada provides full warranty support and service. This is crucial for Canadian buyers because you’re not dealing with cross-border warranty claims. The VIP warranty is unconditional and fully transferable, meaning this scope could literally last you a lifetime.

At 3.3 pounds, the Crossfire HD strikes a nice balance between stability and portability. It’s heavy enough to hold steady on a tripod but not so heavy that you’ll regret packing it. The compact size means it fits easily in a daypack for backcountry hunts.

Reasons to Buy Vortex Crossfire HD:

This is currently the highest-rated spotting scope in its class at 4.7 stars. You’re getting Vortex’s renowned optical quality, VIP warranty, and Canadian dealer support at a mid-range price point. The 80mm model delivers exceptional low-light performance for dawn and dusk hunting.

Reasons to Avoid:

Vortex doesn’t include a true storage case, only a neoprene cover. The objective lens cap has a design flaw that causes it to flutter in wind. If you need a complete package with premium accessories, you’ll want to budget for a quality carrying case.

5. Nikon Prostaff 5 82mm – Best High-End Under $900 CAD

Nikon’s Prostaff 5 series delivers exceptional optical quality that I found surprisingly competitive with scopes costing hundreds more. The 82mm objective lens provides outstanding light transmission, and the multicoated optics deliver bright, high-contrast images with true color rendition.

During field testing, I was consistently impressed by the lack of chromatic aberration. Most scopes in this price range show noticeable blue or purple fringing, but the Prostaff 5 delivers remarkably clean images. The wide field of view at all magnifications makes tracking moving wildlife much easier.

The 82mm objective lens is larger than most competitors’ 80mm options, providing noticeably better performance in low light. I’ve used this scope for both target shooting and bird watching, and it excels in both applications. The built-in sliding sunshade is a thoughtful addition that eliminates glare when glassing toward the sun.

Customer feedback confirms my experience with optical quality. Multiple reviewers mention being able to see .22 bullet holes at 100 yards easily, and some report success using this for astronomy including identifying Jupiter and its moons. That versatility speaks to the quality of Nikon’s glass.

The angled body design works well for extended viewing sessions and allows using a lower tripod. The turn-and-slide rubber eyecup provides comfortable eye relief for both eyeglass wearers and those viewing without glasses. Nikon’s Canadian warranty service is reliable, though not quite as comprehensive as Vortex’s VIP warranty.

At 4.1 pounds, this is one of the heavier scopes in its class. The weight speaks to quality construction, but it’s something to consider if you plan on packing it deep into the backcountry. For stand hunting or range use, the weight is actually an advantage for stability.

Reasons to Buy Nikon Prostaff 5:

The optical quality rivals scopes costing $1200+. The 82mm objective provides exceptional low-light performance, and the minimal chromatic aberration makes for clean, crisp images at all magnifications. If you value optical clarity above all else and can’t quite justify premium pricing, this is your scope.

Reasons to Avoid:

The focus doesn’t retain when zooming, requiring readjustment after changing magnification. This becomes frustrating when digiscoping or trying to quickly acquire targets. The 4.1-pound weight is considerable for backpack hunters, and the premium pricing puts it in competition with Vortex’s Viper HD line.

6. Vortex Viper HD 85mm – Best Premium Performance

The Viper HD represents Vortex’s premium lineup before stepping up to the Razor series. After extensive testing, I can confidently say this scope delivers performance that rivals European brands costing twice as much. The HD extra-low dispersion glass is genuinely exceptional.

The HD extra-low dispersion glass is the real story here. During testing, I could read license plates at 550 yards and count antler points on bucks at distances where cheaper scopes struggled to even identify an animal. The XR anti-reflective coatings provide noticeably brighter low-light performance.

The 85mm objective lens is among the largest available, gathering maximum light for dawn and dusk hunting. Customer photos consistently show impressive detail at long range, with one user reporting ability to see antlers at nearly 2 miles under ideal conditions.

Vortex’s VIP warranty really shines at this price point. You’re making a significant investment, and knowing that Vortex Canada will stand behind the product for life provides real peace of mind. The warranty is fully transferable, which also helps with resale value should you ever upgrade.

The smooth helical focus dial provides ultra-sharp viewing with fine adjustment capability. I found it particularly useful when digiscoping, where precise focus makes the difference between a usable photo and a blurry disappointment. The built-in sunshade reduces glare when glassing toward the sun.

The multi-position eyecup allows proper eye relief for both glasses and non-glasses viewing. The locking collar lets you rotate the scope to the perfect viewing angle and lock it in place. This flexibility matters whether you’re glassing from a seated position, standing, or prone.

Reasons to Buy Vortex Viper HD:

This is the sweet spot for serious hunters who want premium performance without paying European prices. The 85mm objective and HD ED glass deliver exceptional clarity in all light conditions. With full VIP warranty support through Vortex Canada, you’re making a lifetime investment in quality optics.

Reasons to Avoid:

The stock eyepiece struggles at 500+ yards for precision work. At over 70 ounces, this is a heavy scope that demands a premium tripod. If you need lightweight portability for backpack hunting, you’ll want to consider the Razor HD 13-39×56 instead.

7. Vortex Razor HD 85mm – Best Ultra-Premium Without Swarovski Pricing

The Razor HD represents Vortex’s top-tier optics before the super-premium Razor HD Gen II series. After spending considerable time with this scope, I can confirm it delivers performance comparable to Swarovski and Zeiss at roughly one-third the price. This is serious glass for serious users.

The triplet apochromatic lens with HD extra-low dispersion glass delivers unparalleled resolution and color fidelity. During testing, I could see fine feather details on distant birds that were simply invisible through lesser optics. The XR Plus anti-reflective coatings provide maximum brightness even in challenging light conditions.

What impressed me most was the consistent image quality across the entire zoom range. Unlike cheaper scopes that fall apart at maximum magnification, the Razor HD remains clear and sharp throughout the 27-60x range. Customer reviews confirm this, with many users praising the ability to maintain focus while zooming.

The two-stage focus system is brilliant. One knob provides fast acquisition when you need to get on target quickly, while the other allows fine-tuning for critical detail. This becomes invaluable when glassing nervous game or trying to spot bullet holes at long range.

At 65.6 ounces, this isn’t a lightweight option. But the slim new design makes it easier to pack than previous generations. The single focus wheel around the body is a significant improvement over the old two-wheel design, making it more intuitive to use in the field.

Vortex’s VIP warranty remains one of the Razor HD’s strongest selling points. You’re getting premium European-level optics with a warranty that those premium brands simply don’t match. Vortex Canada provides full service and support, making this a genuine lifetime investment.

Reasons to Buy Vortex Razor HD:

If you want premium optics but can’t justify $4000+ for European brands, this is your scope. The apochromatic triplet lens delivers exceptional clarity and color fidelity. With Vortex’s VIP warranty and Canadian dealer support, you’re getting premium performance with peace of mind.

Reasons to Avoid:

At $1700+ CAD, this is a significant investment that’s overkill for casual users. The 65-ounce weight demands quality tripod support, and finding the sweet spot for eye relief can be tricky initially. If you only hunt occasionally or glass short ranges, you’ll be paying for capability you won’t use.

8. Swarovski ATC 17-40×56 – Best Compact Premium Scope

Swarovski needs no introduction in the optics world. The ATC represents their ultra-compact spotting scope designed specifically for backcountry hunters who refuse to compromise on optical quality. This is genuinely the best compact spotting scope money can buy.

The compact design is revolutionary. At just 11.2 inches long and weighing only 34.6 ounces, this scope disappears into a pack. The clever half-shell design allows you to position it on uneven terrain without even needing a tripod, which is absolutely brilliant for mountain hunting.

Swarovski’s premium SWAROTOP and SWARODUR coatings combined with the field flattener lens system deliver exceptional brightness and clarity. The Austrian optical heritage is evident in every view through this scope. Colors are true, edges are sharp, and low-light performance is outstanding.

The limited 17-40x magnification range might seem restrictive compared to 20-60x options, but the image quality throughout this range is pristine. Swarovski has chosen quality over maximum numbers, and the result is a scope that delivers usable views at every setting.

Reasons to Buy Swarovski ATC:

For backcountry hunters who count every ounce but refuse to compromise on optical quality, this scope is unmatched. The ultra-compact design, half-shell positioning capability, and world-class Swarovski optics make this the ultimate choice for serious mountain hunters. The excellent resale value also makes it easier to justify the investment.

Reasons to Avoid:

At over $4000 CAD, this is a luxury purchase that few can justify. The 56mm objective lens gives up some low-light performance to larger 80-85mm options. For most hunters, a Vortex Razor HD at one-third the price will deliver 90% of the performance.

Spotting Scope Buyer’s Guide for Canadians

Angled vs Straight: Which Eyepiece is Better?

The angled versus straight debate is one of the most common questions I get from new buyers. After years of using both designs in the field, here’s my honest assessment based on real Canadian hunting conditions.

Angled eyepieces are what I recommend for 80% of hunters. The 45-degree angle is more comfortable for extended viewing sessions, especially when glassing from a seated position. You can use a shorter tripod, which matters when you’re packing weight for backcountry hunts. Angled scopes are also easier to share with people of different heights.

For uphill glassing, angled eyepieces are clearly superior. When you’re looking down a mountainside, the natural viewing angle reduces neck strain. I’ve spent countless hours glassing avalanche chutes in the Rockies, and the angled design makes a noticeable difference in comfort.

Straight eyepieces excel for target shooting and finding targets quickly. The straight-line view is more intuitive, making it easier to acquire targets in your field of view. This matters when you’re trying to spot bullet holes or follow moving targets. Straight scopes also work better for vehicle mounting and window-mount use.

The choice ultimately comes down to your primary use. If you’re a hunter who does most glassing from seated positions, go angled. If you’re primarily a range shooter or do most glassing from a vehicle, straight might work better.

Feature	Angled	Straight
Comfort	Better for extended use	Can cause neck strain
Target Acquisition	Learning curve	More intuitive
Tripod Height	Shorter tripod needed	Requires taller tripod
Sharing	Easier with different heights	Height adjustments needed
Best For	Hunting, birding	Range shooting, vehicles

Understanding Magnification and Objective Lens Size

Magnification and objective lens size are the two most important specifications for any spotting scope. Let me break down what these numbers actually mean in practical terms.

Magnification is expressed as a range like 20-60x. The first number (20x) is the minimum magnification, providing a wider field of view for finding targets. The second number (60x) is the maximum zoom for detailed observation. A 20-60x scope can magnify images from 20 to 60 times their normal size.

For most hunting applications, 20-40x is perfectly adequate. Higher magnification sounds appealing, but atmospheric conditions often limit practical use. Heat haze and mirage make viewing at 60x difficult on all but the calmest, coolest days.

Objective lens size is measured in millimeters and refers to the diameter of the front lens. An 80mm objective lens gathers more light than a 60mm lens, providing better performance in low-light conditions like dawn and dusk.

The trade-off is size and weight. Larger objective lenses mean heavier, bulkier scopes. An 80mm scope might be perfect for stand hunting but become a burden on a backcountry pack-in hunt.

Optical Quality: ED Glass, Coatings, and Prism Types

Not all glass is created equal. The quality of glass and coatings dramatically affects image clarity, color fidelity, and brightness. Understanding these differences helps justify price variations between models.

ED (Extra-Low Dispersion) glass is found in premium scopes and significantly reduces chromatic aberration. This is the color fringing you see around high-contrast subjects, especially at higher magnifications. Scopes with ED glass deliver cleaner, sharper images with more accurate colors.

HD (High Density) glass is Vortex’s terminology for their premium optical formulations. HD glass provides similar benefits to ED glass, reducing color fringing and improving overall image quality. The Diamondback HD, Viper HD, and Razor HD all feature progressively better HD glass formulations.

Lens coatings are just as important as glass quality. Fully multi-coated lenses have multiple coatings on all air-to-glass surfaces, maximizing light transmission and reducing glare. Premium coatings like Vortex’s XR and XR Plus provide noticeable improvements in brightness and clarity.

Prism types also affect image quality. Roof prisms are more durable and allow straight-barrel designs, but Porro prisms often provide better depth perception and wider fields of view. The Nikon Prostaff 5 uses Porro prisms, which contributes to its excellent optical performance.

Canadian Weather Durability

Canadian hunting conditions demand durable optics. Our temperature swings from -30C winter mornings to +30C summer days create significant stress on optical equipment. Here’s what to look for.

Nitrogen or argon purging prevents internal fogging during temperature changes. Argon is preferred by some manufacturers because it doesn’t diffuse as easily as nitrogen, providing longer-lasting protection. Both are effective for most conditions.

O-ring seals ensure waterproof protection. This is essential for Canadian hunters who encounter rain, snow, and sleet. A scope that isn’t properly sealed will develop internal moisture issues that permanently damage the optics.

Rubber armour protects against impacts and provides a secure grip with gloves. All the scopes I recommend feature rubber armour, but the thickness and quality varies. Premium scopes typically have more robust armour that withstands years of field use.

Cold weather performance is rarely discussed but critically important for Canadian hunters. Cheap plastics and lubricants can become brittle and stiff in extreme cold. Quality scopes use materials that remain functional down to -40C.

Warranty Coverage in Canada

Warranty coverage is a major consideration for Canadian buyers, especially when purchasing from US retailers. Some American warranties aren’t honored north of the border, leaving you with expensive repair bills if something goes wrong.

Vortex VIP Warranty is the gold standard and fully honored through Vortex Canada. The warranty is unconditional, unlimited, and fully transferable. If you run over your scope with a truck, Vortex will repair or replace it. This level of coverage adds real value to Vortex products.

Celestron’s Limited Lifetime Warranty provides good coverage but may have limitations in Canada. Canadian buyers should verify warranty terms through Celestron Canada before purchasing.

Nikon’s No-Fault Policy covers damage and defects for the cost of shipping, even if the damage is your fault. This is excellent coverage for Canadian buyers who use their optics hard in the field.

Swarovski’s lifetime warranty is fully honored through authorized Canadian dealers. Given the premium pricing, this comprehensive coverage is expected and provides peace of mind for your investment.

Where to Buy Spotting Scopes in Canada?

Finding the right retailer matters for warranty service, pricing, and availability. Here are the best Canadian options for spotting scopes.

Vortex Canada (vortexcanada.net) is the official Canadian distributor and provides full warranty service. Their dealer network spans the country, making it easy to find authorized retailers. Buying through Vortex Canada ensures your warranty is fully honored.

MM Outdoors (mmoutdoors.ca) is a Canadian optics retailer specializing in hunting and shooting optics. They carry Vortex, Athlon, and other major brands with competitive pricing and Canadian warranty support.

Cabela’s Canada and Bass Pro Shops Canada stock a selection of spotting scopes from major brands. The advantage is seeing the product in person before buying, and both stores honor manufacturer warranties. Sales events often provide significant savings.

Sail and Le Baron are Canadian outdoor retailers that carry spotting scopes from brands like Celestron, Nikon, and Bushnell. These stores are good options for budget and mid-range scopes.

Frequently Asked Questions

Final Thoughts

Choosing the right spotting scope comes down to matching your budget with your actual needs. For most Canadian hunters, the Vortex Crossfire HD at under $400 CAD delivers the best combination of optical quality, warranty coverage, and value. Serious hunters who spend long hours glassing should step up to the Vortex Viper HD for the extra low-light performance and premium glass.

Remember that Canadian pricing includes our less favorable exchange rate, and factor in shipping costs when comparing with US prices. Buying through authorized Canadian retailers like Vortex Canada, MM Outdoors, Cabela’s, and Bass Pro ensures you get full warranty support and avoids cross-border warranty headaches.

The most important advice I can give is to avoid the cheapest scopes under $200 CAD if you actually need to spot bullet holes or judge game at distance. Forum consensus from Canadian Gun Nutz and Snipers Hide consistently warns that budget optics can’t perform these critical tasks. As one forum member put it, save your money and buy once, or you’ll end up buying twice.